UlTHERAPy Vs THREAD lIFT

Last Updated on 9 months by Francis

Ultherapy and Thread Lift are both popular non-surgical cosmetic treatments that aim to lift and tighten the skin, providing a more youthful appearance. Understanding the differences between these two treatments is essential in determining which one is best suited for your specific needs.

Ultherapy and Thread Lift are innovative treatments that offer non-invasive alternatives to surgical procedures for skin rejuvenation. While both treatments focus on achieving skin tightening and lifting effects, they utilize different techniques to achieve these results.

Ultherapy is a non-invasive procedure that utilizes focused ultrasound energy to stimulate collagen production deep within the skin. This helps to lift and tighten the skin naturally over time. Ultherapy is FDA-approved and has been extensively studied for its safety and efficacy.

Ultherapy works by delivering ultrasound energy deep into the skin’s foundational layers, targeting the same layers as a surgical facelift. The energy stimulates the production of new collagen, which gradually lifts and tightens the skin. The procedure can be performed on various areas of the face and neck.

Ultherapy can effectively treat the brow area, neck, and chin, improving the appearance of sagging skin, fine lines, and wrinkles in these areas.

The results of Ultherapy develop gradually over time as collagen production is stimulated. Patients may notice a lifted and firmer appearance, with improved skin tone and texture. Results can vary depending on individual factors such as age and skin condition.

Thread Lift, also known as a thread facelift, is a minimally invasive procedure that uses dissolvable sutures to lift and tighten sagging skin. The procedure involves inserting these threads into the skin and then mechanically lifting them to achieve the desired effect.

During a Thread Lift procedure, dissolvable threads with tiny cones are inserted into the skin using a needle or cannula. These threads lift and reposition the skin, providing an immediate lifting effect. Over time, these threads stimulate collagen production, improving the overall texture and firmness of the skin.

Thread Lift can be used to lift and tighten various areas of the face, such as the brows, jowls, cheeks, and neck.

Immediately after the procedure, patients may notice an immediate lifting effect due to the mechanical repositioning of the skin. As the dissolvable threads stimulate collagen production, the results continue to improve over time, enhancing the overall firmness and tightness of the skin.

Ultherapy and Thread Lift have similarities but also distinct differences in terms of their effectiveness, pain and discomfort, treatment duration, recovery time, longevity of results, and cost. Understanding these factors is crucial in determining which treatment is most suitable for your specific goals and preferences.

Choosing between Ultherapy and Thread Lift depends on various factors, including your desired results, specific areas of concern, tolerance for downtime, and overall budget. It is essential to consult with a qualified aesthetic professional who can assess your individual needs and recommend the most appropriate treatment option.

Q1. What is the Difference Between Ultherapy and Thread Lift?

Q2. Are Ultherapy and Thread Lift Safe?

Q3. How Long Do the Results Last?

Q4. Are There Any Side Effects?

Q5. Can Ultherapy and Thread Lift be Combined?

What is Ultherapy?

What is Ultherapy? Ultherapy is a non-invasive cosmetic procedure that uses focused ultrasound energy to lift and tighten the skin. It stimulates the production of collagen, which helps improve skin elasticity and firmness. Ultherapy targets the deeper layers of the skin, reducing the appearance of lines, wrinkles, and sagging. This treatment is particularly effective for the face, neck, and chest areas.

Pro-tip: If you’re considering Ultherapy, make sure to consult with a qualified and experienced professional. It’s important to discuss your specific concerns and goals to determine if Ultherapy is the right option for you. Additionally, following the recommended post-treatment care instructions and maintaining a healthy lifestyle can further enhance the results of Ultherapy.

How Does Ultherapy Work?

Ultherapy, a non-surgical option for skin tightening, works by using ultrasound technology to naturally stimulate collagen production and promote skin tightening. How does Ultherapy work? Ultrasound energy is carefully delivered to the deeper layers of the skin, targeting specific areas that need lifting and rejuvenation.

The treatment involves the use of a handheld device to precisely deliver ultrasound energy to the desired areas. This energy dose is carefully controlled to ensure optimal results without causing discomfort or damage to the surrounding tissue.

By heating the targeted tissue, the ultrasound energy triggers a natural response in the body to boost collagen production. Collagen, a protein responsible for maintaining the skin’s elasticity and firmness, is essential in the tightening and lifting of the skin. This reduces sagging and enhances the overall appearance.

The degree of lifting achieved with Ultherapy can vary based on factors such as the individual’s skin condition and treatment goals. While some individuals may see immediate results, it may take several months for the full effects of the treatment to become noticeable.

One of the advantages of Ultherapy is that it does not require surgery. Unlike traditional facelift surgery, there are no incisions or downtime involved. Patients can immediately resume their normal activities after the treatment, making it a convenient option for those with busy lifestyles.

What Areas Can be Treated with Ultherapy?

Ultherapy can be used to treat various areas of the body. Here are the areas that can be treated with Ultherapy:

1. Face: Ultherapy can be used to lift and tighten the skin on the face, including the forehead, brows, cheeks, jawline, and neck.
2. Chest: Ultherapy is effective in improving the appearance of sagging skin and wrinkles on the chest area, commonly known as the décolletage.
3. Arms: Ultherapy can help tighten and firm the skin on the upper arms, reducing the appearance of sagging or flabby skin.
4. Abdomen: Ultherapy can be used to target loose skin or mild to moderate skin laxity on the abdomen, providing a non-surgical option for skin tightening.
5. Thighs: Ultherapy can address sagging skin on the thighs, helping to improve the overall tone and tightness of the skin in this area.
6. Buttocks: Ultherapy can be used to lift and tighten the skin on the buttocks, resulting in a more lifted and sculpted appearance.
7. Knees: Ultherapy can improve the appearance of sagging skin on the knees, making them appear firmer and more youthful.
8. Hands: Ultherapy can address the signs of aging on the hands, including skin laxity and thinning.

When considering Ultherapy, it’s important to consult with a board-certified doctor or a medical professional to determine if you are a suitable candidate for this treatment and to discuss your specific concerns and goals.

What Are the Expected Results from Ultherapy?

Ultherapy is known to deliver noticeable results for skin tightening and rejuvenation.

What Are the Expected Results from Ultherapy?

The treatment can enhance collagen production and tighten the skin, resulting in improved skin quality and reduced sagging.

The degree of lifting achieved can vary depending on factors such as the individual’s facial profile and the specific concerns being addressed.

Patients may experience immediate results, with further improvements seen over the following two to three months as new collagen forms.

The treatment can define the jawline, tighten the skin, and provide subtle results for issues like puffy jowls or droopy skin.

Unlike surgical facelifts, Ultherapy does not require a lengthy recovery time, allowing patients to resume their normal activities within a few days.

Ultherapy is a non-surgical option that uses ultrasound technology to target the deep layers of the skin without damaging the surface.

This promotes collagen regeneration and tightening of the connective tissue.

The treatment is performed by board-certified doctors who have expertise in this aesthetic beauty technique.

What is Thread Lift?

Thread lift is a non-surgical procedure that lifts and tightens sagging skin on the face and neck.

What is Thread Lift? It involves inserting dissolvable threads into the skin, which are then used to lift and reposition the skin, providing a more youthful appearance.

The threads also stimulate collagen production, which improves skin elasticity and firmness over time.

Unlike Ultherapy, which uses ultrasound energy to boost collagen production, thread lift is a mechanical procedure that instantly enhances the contours of the face.

Thread lift is a popular alternative to traditional facelift surgery because it is less invasive and requires little to no downtime.

It is a suitable option for individuals who have mild to moderate skin laxity and want to achieve a more lifted and rejuvenated look without undergoing surgery or extensive recovery.

How Does Thread Lift Work?

Thread lift is a non-surgical lifting treatment that helps tighten the skin and improve the appearance of sagging skin. It works by using temporary clinical threads that are inserted under the skin. These threads, made from materials such as PDO (Polydioxanone), stimulate collagen production and improve skin quality.

During the procedure, the threads are carefully inserted into the skin using a needle or cannula. The threads have small barbs or cones that grip onto the skin, providing immediate results as they are lifted and repositioned. Additionally, the threads stimulate new collagen formation, further enhancing the lifting effect.

Thread lift treatments can be used on various areas of the face, including the jawline, cheekbones, and brow area. They are particularly effective in treating sagging skin and fat pockets. This procedure is suitable for both pre-menopausal and post-menopausal women who are experiencing droopy skin and want to achieve a more defined and youthful facial profile.

One of the advantages of thread lift is that it has a shorter recovery time compared to a surgical facelift. Most patients can resume their normal activities within a week. However, it is important to note that the results of thread lift are not as dramatic or long-lasting as a surgical facelift. The effects of thread lift typically last for about one to two years, depending on the individual.

Note: provided above.

What Areas Can be Treated with Thread Lift?

• Facial region: Thread lift can be used to treat various facial areas such as the forehead, eyebrows, temples, cheeks, under-eye bags, nasolabial folds, marionette lines, jowls, jawline, and chin.
• Neck: Thread lift can effectively tighten and lift sagging skin on the neck, reducing the appearance of wrinkles and improving overall skin tightness.
• Body regions: In addition to the face and neck, thread lift can also be used to tighten and lift sagging skin on other parts of the body, such as the arms, buttocks, thighs, and abdomen.

Considering these areas, thread lift can be a versatile non-surgical option for addressing skin laxity and improving the overall appearance of various body regions. However, it is essential to consult with a board-certified doctor or a qualified medical professional to determine if thread lift is suitable for your specific concerns and goals. Please note that the effectiveness and results may vary depending on individual factors such as skin condition, age, and overall health.

What Are the Expected Results from Thread Lift?

• What Are the Expected Results from Thread Lift? The expected results from a thread lift procedure include a visibly lifted and tightened appearance of the skin.
• Thread lifts can provide a more defined jawline and cheekbones, improving the overall facial profile.
• It can help reduce sagging or droopy skin, giving a more youthful and rejuvenated look.
• Immediate results can be seen after the procedure, but the full effects may take a few weeks to become evident.
• Thread lift can stimulate collagen production and improve skin quality over time.
• The results from a thread lift are subtle and natural-looking, providing a refreshed appearance.
• The longevity of results varies depending on factors such as individual skin condition and lifestyle, but they can last for several months.
• Thread lifts are a non-surgical option with minimal recovery time compared to traditional facelift surgery.
• The procedure is performed by board-certified doctors or medical professionals experienced in thread lift procedures.
• Pain during the procedure is typically minimal and can be managed with topical anesthesia or painkillers if necessary.
• Thread lifts can be used to target specific areas of concern, such as sagging skin, jaw tightening, or even to lift sagging legs.

Comparing Ultherapy and Thread Lift

Discover the ultimate battle between Ultherapy and Thread Lift! We’re diving into the nitty-gritty of these two popular aesthetic treatments. From the effectiveness and pain levels to treatment duration, recovery time, longevity of results, and even cost comparison – we’ve got you covered. Get ready to unleash the facts, figures, and expert insights that will help you make the right choice for your beauty journey. Brace yourself for an enlightening ride into the world of non-surgical beauty enhancements!

Effectiveness

Sarah, a 45-year-old woman, was concerned about the sagging skin on her face and neck. After researching non-surgical options, she consulted with board-certified doctors to explore her choices. She learned that Ultherapy and thread lift were both effective options. The doctors explained that Ultherapy utilizes ultrasound technology to deliver energy dose to targeted areas, boosting collagen production and improving skin tightness. On the other hand, thread lift involves inserting temporary clinical threads beneath the skin to achieve lifting and provides immediate results by lifting sagging skin and defining the jawline. After considering the pros and cons, Sarah decided to undergo Ultherapy to address her long-term concerns about skin quality and collagen regeneration. She was pleased with the effectiveness of the treatment and the subtle results it provided over time. Sarah’s story highlights the importance of understanding the differences and effectiveness of various treatments to make an informed decision based on individual preferences and goals.

Pain and Discomfort

Pain and discomfort are important factors to consider when comparing Ultherapy and Thread Lift treatments.

• Ultherapy: During Ultherapy treatment, a focused ultrasound energy dose is delivered to the deep layers of the skin. This can cause some discomfort, but it varies from person to person. Some individuals may experience mild sensations, such as tingling or warmth, while others may feel a slight stinging or prickling sensation. Painkillers are not typically necessary during or after the procedure.
• Thread Lift: A thread lift procedure involves the insertion of temporary clinical threads under the skin to provide a lifting effect. The process can cause mild to moderate discomfort, which is usually well-tolerated. Topical anesthesia or a local anesthetic injection may be used to minimize any discomfort during the procedure. Some patients may experience mild pain or soreness in the treated area for a few days after the treatment, but this can be managed with over-the-counter pain relievers.

It is important to note that the level of pain and discomfort experienced can vary depending on individual pain tolerance, the specific areas being treated, and the techniques used by the medical professional performing the procedure. It is recommended to consult with a board-certified doctor or medical professional to discuss your specific concerns and potential pain management options.

Treatment Duration

The treatment duration for Ultherapy and Thread Lift can vary depending on several factors.

1. Ultherapy: The estimated treatment duration for Ultherapy typically varies between 30 minutes to 2 hours. This duration can vary based on the specific areas being treated and the energy dose used.
2. Thread Lift: Compared to Ultherapy, Thread Lift usually has a shorter treatment duration. It takes around 30 minutes to 1 hour to complete, depending on the number of threads being inserted and the areas being treated.

It’s important to note that these durations are approximate and may vary based on individual circumstances and the expertise of the medical professionals performing the treatments.

The concept of non-surgical options for skin tightening and lifting treatments has gained popularity in recent years. Traditional facelift surgeries often required longer treatment durations and extensive recovery times. However, with advances in thread lift material and techniques, treatments like Ultherapy and Thread Lift offer more convenient and accessible options for achieving desired results. The shorter treatment duration of these procedures has contributed to their growing popularity among individuals seeking to improve facial profile, tighten sagging skin, or address specific skin concerns. With continuous advancements in the field of aesthetic beauty techniques, patients can now experience subtle results with less discomfort and shorter recovery times compared to traditional surgical facelift procedures.

Recovery Time

• The recovery time after a thread lift procedure can vary depending on individual factors such as the extent of the treatment and the patient’s healing ability.
• In general, most patients can expect some mild swelling and bruising immediately after the procedure, which should subside within the first week.
• During the first few days, it is important to avoid any strenuous activities or heavy lifting to prevent any strain on the treated area and to allow the threads to settle properly.
• The majority of patients can resume their normal daily activities within a week, although it is advised to avoid any vigorous exercising or activities that may put pressure on the treated area for at least two weeks.
• Full recovery from a thread lift typically takes around two to four weeks, during which time the skin will continue to heal and adapt to the newly positioned threads.
• It is important to follow the post-procedure care instructions provided by the medical professional to ensure optimal recovery and results.
• If any discomfort or concerns arise during the recovery period, it is recommended to contact the medical professional who performed the procedure for guidance and support.

Longevity of Results

The longevity of results is a crucial aspect to consider when comparing Ultherapy and Thread Lift treatments. Ultherapy, for instance, has been proven to yield results that can endure for several years. Research has indicated that the skin’s appearance can continue to improve for up to 6-12 months following the treatment due to the stimulated formation of new collagen caused by ultrasound energy. This gradual process of collagen regeneration contributes to maintaining a youthful look over an extended period.

On the other hand, the longevity of results from a Thread Lift can vary depending on factors such as the type of thread used and individual characteristics. Typically, the effects of a Thread Lift may last anywhere from 1-3 years. While the threads naturally dissolve over time, the lifting effects may still be visible because the threads stimulate collagen production and provide support to connective tissue.

It is worth noting that individual results may differ, and following proper maintenance and skincare routines can play a role in extending the longevity of results for both treatments.

[Source: Karidis Clinic]

Cost Comparison

The cost comparison between Ultherapy and Thread Lift can help individuals make an informed decision regarding their treatment option. Here is a table showcasing the average cost range for both procedures:

Treatment	Average Cost Range
Ultherapy	$1,500 – $4,500
Thread Lift	$2,000 – $5,000

It is important to note that the cost may vary depending on factors such as the location, experience of the medical professional, and the extent of treatment required. Both Ultherapy and Thread Lift fall within a similar cost range, with Thread Lift being slightly more expensive on average.

When considering the cost, it is also essential to take into account the long-term benefits and results of each treatment. Ultherapy, with its ability to stimulate collagen production and provide gradual improvement, can offer long-lasting results. On the other hand, Thread Lift provides immediate results, but the effects may diminish over time.

Ultimately, the decision between Ultherapy and Thread Lift should be based on individual preferences, desired outcomes, and consultations with a board-certified doctor who can assess specific needs. Cost should be considered alongside other factors such as effectiveness, recovery time, and potential side effects.

Make sure to discuss all aspects with a medical professional to determine which treatment option is best suited for both individual preferences and budget.

Which Treatment is Right for You?

When trying to decide between Ultherapy and thread lift treatments, it is important to take into account your personal needs and goals. Here are a few factors to help you determine which treatment may be the best fit for you:

1. Level of skin sagging: If you have mild to moderate skin sagging, a thread lift could be a suitable option for you. On the other hand, Ultherapy is more recommended for significant sagging and loose skin.
2. Downtime: Generally, thread lift treatments require less downtime compared to Ultherapy. With a thread lift, you may experience some mild swelling and bruising, while Ultherapy may involve a longer recovery period.
3. Results: The results of a thread lift are immediate, but they may continue to improve over time as collagen production increases. Ultherapy also provides gradual results, with the best outcomes typically appearing within 2-3 months after the procedure.
4. Longevity: The results of a thread lift can last anywhere from 1-3 years, depending on various individual factors. On the other hand, Ultherapy results can typically last between 1-2 years.
5. Cost: In terms of cost, a thread lift is generally more affordable than Ultherapy since it is a less invasive procedure.
6. Personal preference: It is important to take your personal comfort level into consideration when choosing between the two treatments. It may also be helpful to consult with a qualified professional who can evaluate your specific needs and provide expert advice.

Q1. What is the Difference Between Ultherapy and Thread Lift?

Q1. What is the Difference Between Ultherapy and Thread Lift?

Below is a table showcasing the key differences between Ultherapy and Thread Lift:

Factor	Ultherapy	Thread Lift
Procedure type	Nonsurgical	Nonsurgical
Method	Uses ultrasound energy to boost collagen production and tighten skin	Utilizes temporary clinical threads to lift and tighten the skin
Areas treated	Face, neck, chest, and brow	Face and neck
Expected results	Gradual improvements over 2-3 months with long-lasting effects	Immediate results with further improvement over time
Pain and discomfort	Mild discomfort during the procedure	Mild discomfort during and after the procedure
Treatment duration	30-90 minutes	30-60 minutes
Recovery time	No downtime, some redness or swelling may occur	Minimal downtime, bruising or swelling may occur
Longevity of results	1-2 years	1-3 years
Cost comparison	Varies depending on treatment area and provider	Varies depending on treatment area and provider

It is important to consult with a medical professional to determine which treatment is right for you based on your specific needs and goals.

Q2. Are Ultherapy and Thread Lift Safe?

Q2. Are Ultherapy and Thread Lift Safe?

• Both Ultherapy and Thread Lift are considered safe procedures when performed by qualified medical professionals.
• The safety of Ultherapy lies in its utilization of ultrasound energy to stimulate collagen production. It delivers precise energy doses to specific layers of the skin, without causing any harm to the surrounding tissues.
• On the other hand, Thread Lift involves the insertion of temporary clinical threads into the skin to lift and tighten sagging areas. These threads are composed of materials that have been utilized in surgical procedures for many years, proving their safety.
• Both procedures have undergone comprehensive testing and research to ensure their effectiveness and safety.

Gillian Anderson, known for her role in the X-Files, underwent a Thread Lift procedure to address sagging skin and achieve a more defined jawline. She expressed her satisfaction with the results and credited the procedure for giving her a more youthful appearance. This highlights the safety and effectiveness of Thread Lift when performed by skilled professionals.

Q3. How Long Do the Results Last?

The results of Ultherapy can last up to 12 to 18 months, depending on various factors such as individual skin condition, lifestyle, and aging process.

Thread lift results typically last for about 1 to 3 years, depending on the type of thread used and the individual’s skin elasticity.

Factors that can affect the longevity of both Ultherapy and thread lift results include skincare routine, sun exposure, and overall skin health.

Proper skincare maintenance, including the use of sunscreen and regular skin treatments, can help prolong the results of both treatments.

It’s important to note that both Ultherapy and thread lift are non-surgical procedures, and the results are not permanent. However, they can provide noticeable and lasting improvements in skin tightness and firmness.

Q4. Are There Any Side Effects?

When considering ultherapy or thread lift procedures, it’s important to be aware of potential side effects.

Q4. Are There Any Side Effects?

• Temporary side effects: After ultherapy, some patients may experience mild redness, swelling, or tingling sensation. These effects typically subside within a few hours or days. With thread lift, temporary bruising, swelling, or discomfort at the insertion points may occur. These side effects usually resolve within a week.
• Rare side effects: Although rare, more serious side effects can occur with ultherapy or thread lift procedures. These may include prolonged swelling, numbness, infection, or scarring. It is important to consult with a qualified medical professional to discuss the potential risks associated with these treatments.
• Individual variation: It’s important to note that individual responses to ultherapy or thread lift can vary. Some people may experience no side effects at all, while others may have a higher likelihood of experiencing certain side effects.
• Choosing a reputable provider: To minimize the risk of side effects, it is crucial to select a board-certified doctor or qualified medical professional for ultherapy or thread lift procedures. They will have the necessary expertise and experience to minimize the occurrence of side effects and ensure optimal results.

Remember, every medical procedure carries some potential risks, and it’s important to weigh the benefits against the risks before making a decision.

Q5. Can Ultherapy and Thread Lift be Combined?

Q5. Can Ultherapy and Thread Lift be Combined?

Yes, it is possible to combine Ultherapy and Thread Lift to enhance the overall results in certain cases. The combination of these treatments can provide a more comprehensive approach to addressing various aspects of skin tightening and lifting.

By combining Ultherapy and Thread Lift, you can experience synergistic benefits. Ultherapy utilizes ultrasound energy to stimulate collagen production and tighten the skin, while Thread Lift involves the insertion of temporary clinical threads to lift sagging skin and improve the facial profile.

This combination can further enhance the degree of lifting and skin tightening. Ultherapy works on a deeper level by targeting the connective tissue and promoting collagen regeneration, while Thread Lift focuses on lifting sagging skin and improving facial contours.

To determine if combining Ultherapy and Thread Lift is suitable for you, it is important to consult with board-certified doctors or medical professionals who specialize in these procedures. They can assess your specific concerns and provide personalized recommendations based on the condition of your skin, desired results, and any underlying medical conditions.

It is important to keep in mind that individual results may vary, and the suitability of combining these treatments depends on various factors. Your doctor can provide personalized recommendations based on your unique needs.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. What are the differences between Ultherapy and thread lift treatments?

Ultherapy is a non-invasive treatment that uses micro-focused ultrasound to stimulate collagen production, while thread lifts are semi-invasive procedures that involve anchoring threads to the fibro-muscular layer of the face. Ultherapy provides longer-lasting results and requires no recovery time, while thread lifts may result in bruising and swelling.

2. Which treatment is more suitable for sagging cheek skin and puffy jowels?

Both Ultherapy and thread lifts can address sagging cheek skin and puffy jowels. However, Ultherapy selectively targets the superficial muscular aponeurotic system (SMAS) using ultrasound technology, while thread lifts anchor threads to the SMAS. Consultation with a board-certified doctor can determine the best treatment option based on individual needs and expectations.

3. How long do the results of Ultherapy and PDO thread lift last?

The results of Ultherapy can last up to 12 months, while the duration of the PDO thread lift varies depending on the type of thread used. Polycaprolactone (PCL) threads can last 2-4 years, PLLA threads can last up to 18 months, and Polydioxanone (PDO) threads can last up to 8 months.

4. Are Ultherapy and thread lifts suitable for individuals who have undergone weight loss?

Ultherapy and thread lifts can be effective for individuals who have undergone weight loss. However, the amount of weight loss, age, and extent of sagging skin are factors that should be considered. Consultation with a board-certified doctor can determine the best treatment option based on individual circumstances.

5. Can pre-menopausal and post-menopausal women benefit from Ultherapy and thread lifts?

Both pre-menopausal and post-menopausal women can benefit from Ultherapy and thread lifts. These treatments can help address sagging skin, improve skin quality, and provide a natural-looking facelift without surgery or fillers. However, individual consultation with a board-certified doctor is recommended to determine the most suitable treatment approach.

6. How many sessions of Ultherapy or PDO thread lift are typically required for optimal results?

The number of sessions required for optimal results may vary depending on individual factors and treatment goals. Multiple sessions of Ultherapy or PDO thread lift may be recommended, and each session typically takes approximately 2 hours. Consultation with a board-certified doctor can provide a personalized treatment plan and determine the number of sessions needed.